406 MHz is the core distress signal
Modern EPIRBs transmit on 406 MHz through the COSPAS-SARSAT system. Many include GNSS position data, which can speed location compared with a beacon that must be located only from satellite passes.
Registration links the signal to the yacht
Owners should register the beacon with the appropriate national authority and keep contact details current. Rescue coordinators can then identify the vessel and call emergency contacts when an alert appears.
Automatic and manual models exist
Float-free EPIRBs can release automatically from a bracket if the yacht sinks. Manual units depend on someone taking and activating them. Both need accessible mounting and correct installation.
Battery expiry matters
EPIRB batteries are designed for long storage and emergency transmission, but they have replacement dates. Self-tests should follow manufacturer instructions so testing does not unnecessarily drain capacity.
PLBs serve a different role
A personal locator beacon is registered to an individual and carried on the person. It can be an excellent supplement, especially for offshore crew, but does not replace every vessel-level carriage requirement.
False alerts must be handled seriously
Accidental activation should be reported immediately to the relevant rescue authority. Do not switch the unit off and assume the alert disappears.
Carry it where it can escape the emergency
A beacon inside a locked cabin may be inaccessible after fire or capsize. Mounting should follow approval guidance and consider how the crew would reach the unit in the worst realistic scenario.
GNSS and return-link features improve modern beacons
Many current EPIRBs include GNSS positioning, and newer models can incorporate additional features depending on approval standard, including AIS locating signals or return-link service. Buyers should select equipment approved for their flag and operating requirements, not just the most feature-rich retail model.
Take the beacon when abandoning the yacht
If an EPIRB has not already activated automatically, the crew should bring and activate it during abandonment according to the unit’s instructions. Keep it upright with a clear view of the sky and tether it to the raft or survivor, never to the sinking vessel. Registration details should include reliable shore contacts who understand the yacht’s normal cruising. Rescue authorities may call them to distinguish a genuine voyage from an accidental activation.
Choose the registration country carefully after reflagging
When a yacht changes flag, the beacon registration and programmed identity may need to change as well. An EPIRB associated with the previous country can send rescue authorities to old ownership information unless records are updated. Include beacons in every reflagging and ownership-transfer checklist. The same applies when emergency contacts change phone numbers. Test the beacon only with its approved self-test function and never trigger a live distress transmission casually. Some units support a GNSS test or separate indicator showing battery and electronics health. Keep the manual near the safety equipment, but crew should already know basic activation. In a real abandonment, nobody should need to translate instructions while the yacht is taking on water. During guest briefings on offshore voyages, show where the EPIRB is mounted and who takes responsibility for it if the crew leaves the vessel.
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